ASTM A514 Hardness Test Requirements and Standards

ASTM A514 Hardness Test Requirements and Standards

ASTM A514/A514M is the standard specification for high-yield-strength, quenched and tempered alloy steel plates, primarily intended for use in welded bridges and other structures. Hardness testing is a critical aspect of this standard, ensuring the plates meet the required durability and strength for demanding applications. The Brinell hardness test is specified, with acceptance criteria tied to plate thickness and grade.

As a leading manufacturer and exporter, Gangsteel offers premium ASTM A514/A514M steel plate that complies with these hardness requirements, available in grades such as astm a514 grade b and astm a514 grade q, with mill test reports verifying conformance.

What is of ASTM A514 Hardness Testing?

In ASTM A514/A514M, hardness testing verifies the effectiveness of the quenching and tempering heat treatment, which is mandatory for all plates to achieve the specified mechanical properties. The standard allows Brinell hardness testing as an alternative to tension testing for thinner plates (3/8 in. [10 mm] and under), emphasizing its role in quality control. Hardness ensures resistance to wear and deformation, crucial for structural integrity. Gangsteel's ASTM A514/A514M steel plate undergoes rigorous testing to meet these standards across all grades, including astm a514 grade e and astm a514 grade f.

The table below lists common ASTM A514 grades with their maximum thickness and general hardness considerations:

Hardness Test Requirements in ASTM A514/A514M

The standard mandates a Brinell hardness test (HBW) on each plate not subjected to tension testing, with acceptance criteria outlined in Table 2 of the specification. For plates 3/8 in. [10 mm] and under, hardness testing can substitute for tension testing, provided the results meet the specified range. The test is conducted per ASTM A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products.

The table below reproduces the hardness requirements from Table 2 (Tensile and Hardness Requirements):

Notes: Where "..." appears, there is no requirement. Hardness is not required for thicker plates but may be performed if tension tests are waived. For plates failing hardness, the manufacturer may opt for tension testing or reheat treatment.

Test Methods, Frequency, and Acceptance Criteria

• Test Method: Brinell hardness test using a tungsten carbide ball indenter, as per ASTM A370. The test is performed on the plate surface after heat treatment.
• Frequency: One tension test per plate as heat-treated, or Brinell on each plate not tension tested. For lots (same heat, thickness, treatment; max 15 tons), tension tests from two plates per lot if using Brinell for others.
• Acceptance Criteria: Must fall within 235-293 HBW for applicable thicknesses. Retests or reheat treatment allowed for failures. Test specimens are cut from heat-treated plates; purchaser may specify simulations for fabrication processes.
• Referenced Standards: ASTM A6/A6M for general requirements, ASTM A370 for testing methods.

Gangsteel's testing protocols for grades like astm a514 grade h and astm a514 grade p ensure full compliance, with reports provided.

Heat Treatment Context for Hardness

Plates must be heat-treated by heating to at least 1650°F [900°C], quenching in water or oil, and tempering at no less than 1150°F [620°C] to meet hardness and tensile requirements. This process is reported on certificates, directly influencing hardness outcomes.

Applications and Importance of Hardness Testing

Hardness testing confirms A514's suitability for high-stress environments, such as mining equipment and structural bridges. Gangsteel's ASTM A514/A514M steel plate supports these with verified hardness for reliable performance.

FAQ

• What is the Brinell hardness range for ASTM A514?235 to 293 HBW for thicknesses up to 2-1/2 in. [65 mm]; no requirement for thicker plates, where tension testing is preferred.
• When can hardness testing replace tension testing in ASTM A514?For plates 3/8 in. [10 mm] and under, provided results meet Table 2 criteria.
• What test method is used for hardness in ASTM A514?Brinell hardness test per ASTM A370, using a tungsten carbide indenter.
• How often is hardness testing required?On each plate not tension tested; tension tests on two plates per lot (max 15 tons) if Brinell is used for the rest.
• Where can I source ASTM A514 plates with certified hardness tests?Gangsteel manufactures and exports compliant plates; contact for details on ASTM A514/A514M steel plate.