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Published: November 11, 2025 | Updated: November 11, 2025By Gangsteel Engineering Team – 25+ Years in Stainless Steel Export Excellence
In the precision domain of stainless steels compliant with ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M standards, AISI 316Ti emerges as a titanium-stabilized austenitic grade whose hardness properties are crucial for applications requiring balanced machinability, strength, and wear resistance in high-temperature and corrosive environments.
As a premier producer and exporter based in China, Gangsteel has supplied thousands of tons of AISI 316Ti stainless steel, meeting ASTM A240/A240M specs for plates and sheets, to industries like petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and marine.
If you're evaluating the hardness of AISI 316Ti under ASME SA240/SA240M for components like fasteners or shafts where surface durability and formability are key, understanding its hardness range, measurement methods, and influencing factors is essential. This article provides a comprehensive overview of AISI 316Ti hardness, including data, conversions, and insights, based on ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M standards and our mill tests.
From our production lines, we've controlled AISI 316Ti hardness: In a 2024 U.S. valve stem application, our AISI 316Ti bars under ASTM A240 /A240M maintained HRB 85-90 after annealing, ensuring machinability while retaining tensile 515 MPa min, as per client hardness mapping. Compliant with ASME SA240/SA240M for pressure apps, AISI 316Ti's density of 8.00 g/cm³ supports consistent hardness. Let's delve into the hardness data, from composition to test results, to guide your material selection.
AISI 316Ti stainless steel hardness under ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M is typically 80-95 HRB (20-30 HRC, 160-217 HB) in annealed condition, with controlled heat treatment allowing up to 100 HRB (35 HRC) for enhanced wear while maintaining ductility (elongation 40% min). Density 8.00 g/cm³, PREN 23-28. Ti stabilization ensures hardness stability at 425-815°C without embrittlement. Equivalent to EN 1.4571; softer than martensitics but durable. Ideal for fasteners; Gangsteel stocks 1-200mm with certs for custom hardness.
The chemical composition of AISI 316Ti, as specified in ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, contributes to its soft hardness range, with titanium preventing hardening from carbides.
|
Element |
% Range or Max |
Role in Hardness |
|---|---|---|
|
Carbon (C) |
0.08 max |
Low C avoids hardening; Ti binds for stability. |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
2.00 max |
Minor; no significant hardening. |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.75 max |
Slight increase if high. |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
0.045 max |
Limited to prevent embrittlement. |
|
Sulfur (S) |
0.030 max |
Controlled for machinability in soft range. |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
16.00-18.00 |
Contributes to base hardness ~20 HRC. |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
2.00-3.00 |
Minimal impact on hardness. |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
10.00-14.00 |
Softens for low HRC range. |
|
Titanium (Ti) |
5x(C+N) min, 0.70 max |
Stabilizes without hardening; prevents embrittlement. |
|
Nitrogen (N) |
0.10 max |
Slight strengthening; keeps HRC <30. |
|
Iron (Fe) |
Balance |
Base for austenitic soft range. |
This composition under ASTM A240/A240M ensures HRB 80-95 annealed.
Gangsteel's AISI 316Ti meets ASME SA240/SA240M for controlled hardness.
For uns stainless steel plates, hardness verified.
AISI 316Ti's mechanical properties, per ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, correlate with its hardness for balanced performance.
|
Property |
Minimum Value |
Typical Range |
Hardness Link |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
515 |
550-700 |
High with low hardness. |
|
Yield Strength (MPa) |
205 |
220-300 |
Good for soft range. |
|
Elongation (%) |
40 |
45-55 |
High ductility at HRB 80-95. |
|
Hardness (HRB max) |
95 |
80-90 |
Annealed; ~20-30 HRC equivalent. |
|
Brinell (HB max) |
217 |
160-190 |
Converted ~20-28 HRC. |
Low hardness ensures machinability; heat treatment raises to 100 HRB.
Physical traits of AISI 316Ti, compliant with ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, aid hardness control.
|
Property |
Value |
Notes on Hardness Range |
|---|---|---|
|
Density (g/cm³) |
8.00 |
Standard for hardness calcs. |
|
Melting Range (°C) |
1370-1400 |
High for stable hardness in heat. |
|
Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) |
14.6 (100°C) |
Even heat for uniform hardness. |
|
Specific Heat (J/kg·K) |
500 |
Efficient for annealing hardness. |
|
Thermal Expansion (10^-6 /°C) |
16.5 (20-100°C) |
Low stress in hardness range. |
These support consistent hardness.
AISI 316Ti's hardness range is controlled for annealed (soft) to work-hardened states.
|
Rockwell B (HRB) |
Rockwell C (HRC) |
Brinell (HB) |
Vickers (HV) |
|---|---|---|---|
|
95 max |
~30 |
217 max |
~220 |
|
80-90 |
20-25 |
160-190 |
160-200 |
|
90-95 |
25-30 |
190-217 |
200-220 |
Ti prevents over-hardening from carbides.
316Ti's corrosion resistance, per ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, is unaffected by low hardness range.
316Ti is highly weldable per ASTM A240/A240M, low hardness aiding filler flow. Fillers ER316L.
Gangsteel's 316Ti SA240 Type 316Ti maintains low hardness post-weld.
316Ti's low hardness suits fasteners (machinability), food equipment (soft for forming).
In Gangsteel's supply to U.S. pharma, low hardness enabled easy fab.
Equivalents: EN 1.4571 (HRB 80-95). For A240 GR 316Ti, hardness matches.
Gangsteel stocks 316Ti at $3,200-3,800/ton FOB. 1-200mm thick, certs with hardness data. Contact for range.
Q: What is the HRC hardness range for 316Ti stainless steel?
A: The HRC hardness range for 316Ti is 20-30 in annealed condition (max 95 HRB per ASTM A240/A240M), with cold work raising to 35 HRC for wear applications while maintaining ductility.
Q: What is the annealed HRC hardness for 316Ti?
A: Annealed 316Ti has HRC 20-25 (equivalent to 95 HRB max), soft for machining and forming per grade specifications.
Q: How does heat treatment affect 316Ti's HRC hardness range?
A: Heat treatment can raise 316Ti's HRC to 30-35 for enhanced wear, but standard annealed keeps it 20-25 to avoid embrittlement from Ti.
Q: What is the HRB to HRC conversion for 316Ti?
A: 95 HRB max for 316Ti converts to ~30 HRC; typical 80-90 HRB is 20-25 HRC, ensuring soft yet strong material.
Q: How does 316Ti's HRC hardness compare to 316L?
A: 316Ti and 316L both have HRC 20-30 annealed; Ti in 316Ti prevents hardening from carbides in heat, maintaining range.
Q: What is the maximum HRC hardness for 316Ti?
A: Maximum HRC hardness for 316Ti is ~35 in cold-worked or treated state, but standard stock is 20-30 to balance machinability and strength.
Q: How is HRC hardness tested for 316Ti?
A: HRC hardness for 316Ti is tested per ASTM E18 Rockwell method on polished surfaces, with Gangsteel's average 22 HRC annealed for consistency.
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