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Published: November 12, 2025 | Updated: November 12, 2025By Gangsteel Engineering Team – 25+ Years in Stainless Steel Export Excellence
In the precision domain of stainless steels compliant with ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M standards, 316Ti stainless steel, also known as SS 316Ti under Swedish SS 2350 and equivalent to DIN 1.4571 (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2), is a titanium-stabilized austenitic grade whose hardness range is crucial for balancing machinability, strength, and wear resistance in high-temperature and corrosive environments.
As a premier producer and exporter based in China, Gangsteel has supplied thousands of tons of 316Ti stainless steel, meeting ASTM A240/A240M specs for plates and sheets, to industries like petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and marine.
If you're evaluating the hardness range of 316Ti or SS 316Ti under ASME SA240/SA240M for components like fasteners or shafts where surface durability and formability are key, understanding its values, measurement methods, and influencing factors is essential. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the hardness range of 316Ti stainless steel and SS 316Ti, including data, conversions, and insights, based on ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M standards and our mill tests.
From our production lines, we've controlled the hardness range of 316Ti and SS 316Ti: In a 2024 U.S. valve stem application, our 316Ti bars under ASTM A240 /A240M maintained HRB 85-90 after annealing, ensuring machinability while retaining tensile 515 MPa min, as per client hardness mapping. Compliant with ASME SA240/SA240M for pressure apps, 316Ti's density of 8.00 g/cm³ supports consistent hardness. Let's delve into the hardness range, from composition to test results, to guide your material selection.
The hardness range of 316Ti stainless steel and SS 316Ti under ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M is typically 80-95 HRB (20-30 HRC, 160-217 HB) in annealed condition, with controlled heat treatment allowing up to 100 HRB (35 HRC) for enhanced wear while maintaining ductility (elongation 40% min). Density 8.00 g/cm³, PREN 23-28. Ti stabilization ensures hardness stability at 425-815°C without embrittlement. Equivalent to EN 1.4571; softer than martensitics but durable. Ideal for fasteners; Gangsteel stocks 1-200mm with certs for custom hardness.
The chemical composition of 316Ti and SS 316Ti, as specified in ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, contributes to its soft hardness range, with titanium preventing hardening from carbides.
|
Element |
% Range or Max |
Role in Hardness Range |
|---|---|---|
|
Carbon (C) |
0.08 max |
Low C avoids hardening; Ti binds for stability. |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
2.00 max |
Minor; no significant hardening. |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.75 max |
Slight increase if high. |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
0.045 max |
Limited to prevent embrittlement. |
|
Sulfur (S) |
0.030 max |
Controlled for machinability in soft range. |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
16.00-18.00 |
Contributes to base hardness ~20 HRC. |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
2.00-3.00 |
Minimal impact on hardness. |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
10.00-14.00 |
Softens for low HRC range. |
|
Titanium (Ti) |
5x(C+N) min, 0.70 max |
Stabilizes without hardening; prevents embrittlement. |
|
Nitrogen (N) |
0.10 max |
Slight strengthening; keeps HRC <30. |
|
Iron (Fe) |
Balance |
Base for austenitic soft range. |
This composition under ASTM A240/A240M ensures HRB 80-95 annealed.
Gangsteel's 316Ti meets ASME SA240/SA240M for controlled hardness.
For uns stainless steel plates, hardness verified.
316Ti's mechanical properties, per ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, correlate with its hardness for balanced performance.
|
Property |
Minimum Value |
Typical Range |
Hardness Link |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
515 |
550-700 |
High with low hardness. |
|
Yield Strength (MPa) |
205 |
220-300 |
Good for soft range. |
|
Elongation (%) |
40 |
45-55 |
High ductility at HRB 80-95. |
|
Hardness (HRB max) |
95 |
80-90 |
Annealed; ~20-30 HRC equivalent. |
|
Brinell (HB max) |
217 |
160-190 |
Converted ~20-28 HRC. |
Low hardness ensures machinability; heat treatment raises to 100 HRB.
Physical traits of 316Ti, compliant with ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, aid hardness control.
|
Property |
Value |
Notes on Hardness Range |
|---|---|---|
|
Density (g/cm³) |
8.00 |
Standard for hardness calcs. |
|
Melting Range (°C) |
1370-1400 |
High for stable hardness in heat. |
|
Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) |
14.6 (100°C) |
Even heat for uniform hardness. |
|
Specific Heat (J/kg·K) |
500 |
Efficient for annealing hardness. |
|
Thermal Expansion (10^-6 /°C) |
16.5 (20-100°C) |
Low stress in hardness range. |
These support consistent hardness.
316Ti's corrosion resistance, per ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M, is unaffected by low hardness range.
316Ti is highly weldable per ASTM A240/A240M, low hardness aiding filler flow. Fillers ER316L.
Gangsteel's 316Ti SA240 Type 316Ti maintains low hardness post-weld.
316Ti's low hardness suits fasteners (machinability), food equipment (soft for forming).
In Gangsteel's supply to U.S. pharma, low hardness enabled easy fab.
Equivalents: EN 1.4571 (HRB 80-95). For A240 GR 316Ti, hardness matches.
Gangsteel stocks 316Ti at $3,200-3,800/ton FOB. 1-200mm thick, certs with hardness data. Contact for range.
Q: What is the HRC hardness range for 316Ti stainless steel?
A: The HRC hardness range for 316Ti is 20-30 in annealed condition (max 95 HRB per ASTM A240/A240M), with cold work raising to 35 HRC for wear applications while maintaining ductility.
Q: What is the annealed HRC hardness for 316Ti?
A: Annealed 316Ti has HRC 20-25 (equivalent to 95 HRB max), soft for machining and forming per grade specifications.
Q: How does heat treatment affect 316Ti's HRC hardness range?
A: Heat treatment can raise 316Ti's HRC to 30-35 for enhanced wear, but standard annealed keeps it 20-25 to avoid embrittlement from Ti.
Q: What is the HRB to HRC conversion for 316Ti?
A: 95 HRB max for 316Ti converts to ~30 HRC; typical 80-90 HRB is 20-25 HRC, ensuring soft yet strong material.
Q: How does 316Ti's HRC hardness compare to 316L?
A: 316Ti and 316L both have HRC 20-30 annealed; Ti in 316Ti prevents hardening from carbides in heat, maintaining range.
Q: What is the maximum HRC hardness for 316Ti?
A: Maximum HRC hardness for 316Ti is ~35 in cold-worked or treated state, but standard stock is 20-30 to balance machinability and strength.
Q: How is HRC hardness tested for 316Ti?
A: HRC hardness for 316Ti is tested per ASTM E18 Rockwell method on polished surfaces, with Gangsteel's average 22 HRC annealed for consistency.
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