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Published: November 12, 2025 | Updated: November 12, 2025By Gangsteel Engineering Team – 25+ Years in Stainless Steel Export Excellence
In the precision-driven arena of stainless steels compliant with ASTM A240/A240M – 316Ti (UNS S31635) and 316L (UNS S31603), welding 316Ti to 316L combines a titanium-stabilized austenitic grade with a low-carbon version for applications requiring high-temperature IGC resistance and ambient corrosion performance in a single joint.
As a premier producer and exporter based in China, Gangsteel has supplied thousands of tons of 316Ti and 316L stainless steel, meeting ASTM A240/A240M specs for plates and sheets, to industries like petrochemical, marine, and power generation.
If you're welding 316Ti to 316L under ASME SA240/SA240M for a heat exchanger or piping system where joint integrity, compatibility, and cost are critical, understanding the best practices is vital. This article provides a comprehensive guide to welding 316Ti to 316L, including filler selection, procedures, and insights, based on ASTM A240/A240M – 316Ti and 316L, AWS A5.9 – ER316L, and our mill tests.
From our production lines, we've perfected welding 316Ti to 316L: In a 2024 U.S. chemical transition project, our 316Ti to 316L joints with ER316L filler under ASTM A240 /A240M showed no IGC after 1,000 hours at 150°C, delivering seamless performance, as per client tensile and bend tests. Compliant with ASME SA240/SA240M for pressure apps, the joint's density of 8.00 g/cm³ supports efficient designs. Let's delve into the guide, from composition to post-weld, to equip you for successful welds.
Welding 316Ti to 316L under ASTM A240/A240M and ASME SA240/SA240M uses ER316L filler for optimal compatibility, ensuring joint tensile ~500 MPa, IGC resistance at 425-815°C from 316Ti's Ti, and ambient weldability from 316L's low C. Density 8.00 g/cm³, PREN 23-28. No preheat/PWHT needed; use GTAW/GMAW with Ar+2%O2. Superior for transition zones; Gangsteel stocks with certs for custom joints.
The chemical compositions of 316Ti and 316L, as per ASTM A240/A240M, are nearly identical except for carbon and titanium, allowing ER316L to bridge the joint.
|
Element |
316Ti % |
316L % |
ER316L Filler % |
Joint Impact |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Carbon (C) |
0.08 max |
0.03 max |
0.03 max |
Low C in filler prevents sensitization in 316L side. |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
2.00 max |
2.00 max |
1.0-2.5 |
Matches for deoxidation. |
|
Silicon (Si) |
0.75 max |
0.75 max |
0.30-0.65 |
Good fluidity. |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
0.045 max |
0.045 max |
0.03 max |
Controlled for integrity. |
|
Sulfur (S) |
0.030 max |
0.030 max |
0.03 max |
Low for cracking resistance. |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
16.00-18.00 |
16.00-18.00 |
18.0-20.0 |
Passivation across joint. |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
2.00-3.00 |
2.00-3.00 |
2.0-3.0 |
Pitting resistance. |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
10.00-14.00 |
10.00-14.00 |
11.0-14.0 |
Austenite stability. |
|
Titanium (Ti) |
5x(C+N) min, 0.70 max |
- |
- |
Ti in 316Ti protects HAZ; filler doesn't need it. |
|
Nitrogen (N) |
0.10 max |
0.10 max |
0.10 max |
Strength. |
|
Iron (Fe) |
Balance |
Balance |
Balance |
Base. |
ER316L (low C, no Ti) is ideal: matches 316L, over-alloyed for 316Ti dilution.
Gangsteel's 316Ti/316L meets ASME SA240/SA240M for certified joints.
For uns stainless steel plates, joint guide aligns.
316Ti to 316L joints with ER316L retain excellent properties.
|
Property |
316Ti Base |
316L Base |
Joint Typical |
Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
515 min |
485 min |
500-600 |
Exceeds both bases. |
|
Yield Strength (MPa) |
205 min |
170 min |
200-280 |
Strong joint. |
|
Elongation (%) |
40 min |
40 min |
35-45 |
Ductile. |
|
Hardness (HRB) |
≤95 |
≤95 |
85-95 |
Uniform. |
|
Impact (Charpy J at RT) |
100+ |
100+ |
80+ |
Tough. |
Joint meets ASME Section IX P-No. 8.
Physical properties are identical for 316Ti and 316L, ensuring uniform joint.
|
Property |
Value |
Notes for Joint |
|---|---|---|
|
Density (g/cm³) |
8.00 |
Same weight calcs. |
|
Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) |
14.6 (100°C) |
Consistent heat flow. |
|
Thermal Expansion (10^-6 /°C) |
16.5 (20-100°C) |
Low mismatch stress. |
No CTE issues in service.
Recommended Process: GTAW (TIG) for root, GMAW (MIG) for fill/cap.
Filler: ER316L (AWS A5.9) – low C, no Ti needed.
Shielding Gas:
Preheat: None
Interpass Temp: Max 150°C
PWHT: Not required (Ti in 316Ti prevents sensitization)
Position: All positions possible
Weld Prep: V-groove 60-70°, 1-2mm root gap, 1-2mm land.
Technique:
Joint Efficiency: 100% (ASME VIII)
Gangsteel's tests: Bend 180° no cracks, tensile >500 MPa.
Pass A262 Practice E/C.
In Gangsteel's supply to U.S. pharma, joints lasted 5+ years in steam.
Gangsteel stocks 316Ti and 316L plates 1-200mm, ER316L filler. $3,200-3,800/ton FOB. WPS/PQR support. Contact admin@gangsteel.com
Q: What filler is best for welding 316Ti to 316L?
A: ER316L is best—low carbon matches 316L, over-alloyed for 316Ti dilution, preventing sensitization while maintaining corrosion.
Q: Is preheat required when welding 316Ti to 316L?
A: No preheat required; both austenitic with low thermal expansion. Max interpass 150°C.
Q: Do I need PWHT for 316Ti to 316L welds?
A: No PWHT needed; 316Ti's Ti and 316L's low C prevent sensitization.
Q: What is the joint strength when welding 316Ti to 316L?
A: Joint tensile 500-600 MPa, exceeding both bases; 100% efficiency per ASME VIII.
Q: Can I use ER316Ti filler for 316Ti to 316L?
A: Possible but unnecessary; ER316L is standard and cost-effective. ER316Ti adds Ti without benefit in 316L side.
Q: What gas for GTAW 316Ti to 316L?
A: 100% Argon for root and fill; ensures clean, oxide-free weld.
Q: Where to get WPS for welding 316Ti to 316L?
A: Gangsteel provides qualified WPS/PQR per ASME IX; contact admin@gangsteel.com.
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