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EN 10025-2 is a European standard that defines the technical delivery conditions for hot-rolled non-alloy structural steels, which are commonly used in construction, bridges, machinery, and other load-bearing applications. It is part of the broader EN 10025 series, which covers various types of structural steels with different properties like yield strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance. EN 10025-2 specifically focuses on non-alloy steels, meaning they are primarily carbon-based without significant alloying elements like chromium or nickel. The standard ensures consistent quality, weldability, and performance across Europe, facilitating trade and engineering reliability.
The grades in EN 10025-2 are designated based on their minimum yield strength and impact toughness. The "S" prefix stands for structural steel, followed by the yield strength value (e.g., 235, 275), and a suffix indicating toughness level (e.g., JR for 27 J at +20°C). These grades are suitable for welded, bolted, and riveted structures, with applications ranging from buildings to offshore platforms. Below, we detail the main grades, their properties, and equivalent materials, helping engineers select the appropriate grade for specific projects. Gangsteel offers all EN 10025-2 grades, including EN 10025-2 S355JR steel and EN 10025-2 S355J2 steel, with customization options.
EN 10025-2 includes 12 primary grades, categorized by yield strength levels: S185, S235, S275, S355, and S450. Each group has sub-grades based on impact toughness: JR ( +20°C), J0 (0°C), J2 (-20°C), and K2 (-20°C with higher energy). The table below lists the grades with their minimum yield strength (for plates up to 16 mm thick) and impact toughness requirements:
|
Grade |
Minimum Yield Strength (MPa) |
Tensile Strength (MPa) |
Impact Toughness (min J / °C) |
Key Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
S185 |
185 |
310–540 |
Not specified |
Basic low-strength structures, e.g., light frames. |
|
S235JR |
235 |
360–510 |
27 J at +20°C |
General construction, buildings, and welded assemblies. |
|
S235J0 |
235 |
360–510 |
27 J at 0°C |
Moderate cold environments, e.g., machinery parts. |
|
S235J2 |
235 |
360–510 |
27 J at -20°C |
Low-temperature structures, e.g., offshore platforms. |
|
S275JR |
275 |
410–560 |
27 J at +20°C |
Bridges, buildings, and load-bearing frames. |
|
S275J0 |
275 |
410–560 |
27 J at 0°C |
Cranes and equipment in cool climates. |
|
S275J2 |
275 |
410–560 |
27 J at -20°C |
Cold-weather construction, e.g., arctic infrastructure. |
|
S355JR |
355 |
470–630 |
27 J at +20°C |
High-rise buildings and heavy bridges. |
|
S355J0 |
355 |
470–630 |
27 J at 0°C |
Wind turbines and moderate-cold machinery. |
|
S355J2 |
355 |
470–630 |
27 J at -20°C |
Offshore rigs and cold-climate structures. |
|
S355K2 |
355 |
470–630 |
40 J at -20°C |
Extreme toughness applications, e.g., seismic zones. |
|
S450J0 |
450 |
550–720 |
27 J at 0°C |
High-strength machinery and load-bearing equipment. |
These grades are non-alloy, meaning they rely on carbon and manganese for strength rather than expensive alloys. Yield strength decreases for thicker plates (e.g., S355JR drops to 345 MPa for 16–40 mm). Gangsteel provides all grades with CE marking and EN 10204 certification for compliance.
The chemical composition in EN 10025-2 is controlled to ensure weldability and toughness, with limits on carbon, manganese, and impurities. The table below shows maximum values for key elements in selected grades (for plates up to 16 mm thick):
|
Grade |
C (max) |
Mn (max) |
P (max) |
S (max) |
Si (max) |
Cu (max) |
N (max) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
S185 |
0.25 |
0.90 |
0.050 |
0.050 |
0.40 |
0.40 |
- |
|
S235JR |
0.17 |
1.40 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.55 |
0.55 |
0.012 |
|
S275JR |
0.21 |
1.50 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.55 |
0.55 |
0.012 |
|
S355JR |
0.24 |
1.60 |
0.035 |
0.035 |
0.55 |
0.55 |
0.012 |
|
S450J0 |
0.20 |
1.70 |
0.030 |
0.025 |
0.55 |
0.55 |
0.012 |
Low P and S improve toughness, while Mn boosts strength. Gangsteel ensures precise composition for optimal performance, with options for low-alloy variants.
Mechanical properties vary by grade and thickness, with yield strength decreasing for thicker plates. The table below shows minimum yield strength (ReH in MPa) for different thickness ranges, as per EN 10025-2:
|
Grade |
t ≤ 16 mm |
16 < t ≤ 40 mm |
40 < t ≤ 63 mm |
63 < t ≤ 80 mm |
80 < t ≤ 100 mm |
100 < t ≤ 150 mm |
150 < t ≤ 200 mm |
200 < t ≤ 250 mm |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
S235JR |
235 |
225 |
215 |
215 |
215 |
195 |
185 |
175 |
|
S275JR |
275 |
265 |
255 |
245 |
235 |
225 |
215 |
205 |
|
S355JR |
355 |
345 |
335 |
325 |
315 |
295 |
285 |
275 |
|
S450J0 |
450 |
430 |
410 |
390 |
380 |
380 |
- |
- |
Tensile strength for S235 is 360–510 MPa, S275 410–560 MPa, S355 470–630 MPa, and S450 550–720 MPa. Elongation is typically 20–26%, depending on grade and thickness. Impact toughness for JR is 27 J at +20°C, J0 at 0°C, J2 at -20°C, and K2 40 J at -20°C.
EN 10025-2 steels have excellent weldability due to low carbon equivalents (CEV max 0.35–0.45 depending on grade). They are compatible with SMAW, GTAW, and SAW, with no preheating needed for plates up to 25 mm in most cases. For thicker plates or low-temperature grades (J2/K2), preheating to 100–150°C reduces cracking risk.
Fabrication includes good machinability and formability, with normalized conditions for higher grades like S355J2 improving toughness. Gangsteel offers cut-to-size and beveling for efficient fabrication.
EN 10025-2 grades have equivalents in other standards:
S235 grades are entry-level for low loads, S275 for moderate, S355 for high, and S450 for heavy-duty. For more details, refer to Gangsteel’s EN 10025-2 S355JR+N or EN 10025-2 S355K2 steel offerings.
Gangsteel is a trusted supplier of EN 10025-2 grades, offering:
This article details the grades of EN 10025 steel across its six parts, listing key grades with their yield strengths, tensile properties, and applications. It covers non-alloy, fine grain, weathering, and high-strength steels for construction and engineering.
Keywords: EN 10025 steel grades, EN 10025-2 S235JR, EN 10025-3 S355N, EN 10025-6 S690Q
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